Conjunctions, on the other hand, merely connect two clauses. Detailed explanations of relative pronouns with examples and exercises who vs whom, which vs that, whose, whomever. Defining relative clauses 1 in pdf here defining relative clauses 2 in pdf here defining relative clauses 3 in pdf here defining relative clauses 4 in pdf here go to the main relative clauses explanation page here. Pdf this paper is an enquiry into the english pronouns and their usages. You also cannot leave out the relative pronoun in nondefining relative clauses, in the way you sometimes can in defining relative clauses. Photocopy pdf from the oxford advanced english file. English grammar exercises online with answers pdf on this page you will find various free grammar worksheets of increasing difficulty that can be completed directly online, or at home theyll help you to put into practice all the key notions of the english grammar previously shown in the grammar lessons part of the website, and if you are a beginner you can use them to familiarize. Rp002 relative clauses who, which, where elementary. This english resource asks students to read the sentences and choose the correct relative pronoun in brackets. Relative pronouns in english, meaning and example sentences. There is a girl in my class whose family emigrated from india. Relative pronouns english grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary.
The relative pronouns antecedent determines gender and number, while the pronouns function within the dependent clause determines the case see the examples below. We will discuss exactly what is a relative pronoun, learn how to identify a relative pronoun, look at a list of relative pronouns, and some examples of relative pronouns as they are used in sentences a relative pronoun refers to a noun which was previously mentioned in the. I had an uncle in germany, from whom i inherited a bit of money. Antecedent pronoun personal pronouns are pronouns that refer to a specific person or thing in a sen. Marks sister, who has just graduated, is getting married tomorrow. Like its english counterpart, a french relative pronoun links a dependent or relative clause to a main clause.
Pdf on the choice of relative pronouns in english researchgate. Relative clause exercise 1 2 advanced relative clause exercise 3 4 intermediate pdf exercises. Relative pronouns english online exercise english4u. Move the relative pronoun to the beginning of the second sentenceclause. The man to whom i spoke in informal speech, however, it is more usual to move the preposition to the end of the clause.
Rp001 relative pronouns whose, who, why, where, which or whom elementary. Which relates to animals and objects this is the cake which mary made. They specify a noun or pronoun in the main clause and are necessary if we want to understand the. We dont use that in nondefining relative clauses, so we need to use which if the pronoun refers to a thing, and who if it refers to a person. Exercise 1 combine the two sentences using who, whose, which et where. May 02, 2019 relative clauses the most important unit of grammatical organization in linguistics is the sentence. We can leave out the pronoun if it is the object of the relative clause. In nondefining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that. Rp004 relative clauses with who, which and where elementary. English esl relative clauses powerpoint presentations.
The relative pronoun we use depends on what we are referring to and the type of relative clause. Relative pronouns relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. Some grammar rules and lots of exercises to practice them. In some sentences the relative pronoun is the object of the verb it is not followed by a verb. Relative pronouns are used to connect a phrase or clause to a noun or pronoun. Its a traffic warden putting a parking ticket on my car and i havent any money to pay the fine ill have to pay. Whom then is often replaced by that, but it is still more common to omit the relative altogether. Relative pronouns in english, meaning and example sentences meaning example sentences who relates to people subject the musician who wrote this song is french. The relative pronoun can define the subject or the object of the verb.
We sometimes use whom as the object of a verb or preposition this is george, whom you met at our house last year. Relative pronouns english grammar today cambridge dictionary. Read the story about amber and then decide the order in which events happened. When whom or which have a preposition, the preposition can come at the beginning of the clause. In this study, we examine relative pronoun choice in 943 relative clauses. Conjunctions can also be used to connect words and phrases. Indefinite pronouns this is the longest list of pronouns in english, many of the words can have many different grammatical functions singular.
We will discuss exactly what is a relative pronoun, learn how to identify a relative pronoun, look at a list of relative pronouns, and some examples of relative pronouns as they are used in sentences. Relative pronouns exercises with answers click here to download this printable exercise in pdf. Relative pronouns online exercises english grammar. A variety of sentences in which the students have to add the relative pronoun.
Relative pronouns can refer to singular or plural, and there is no difference between male and female. A clause of this kind is essential to the clear understanding of the noun. Most english speakers use relative pronouns every day, though they may not understand what are relative pronouns. We use whose as the possessive form of who this is george, whose brother went to school with me. Look at these examples showing defining and nondefining relative clauses. Rp003 relative clauses match the sentence parts elementary. Relative pronouns adjective clauses whose vs of which vs of whom subject exercises. The most frequently used type is the relative pronoun, usually expressed in english as that, which, or whom. Second in importance is the clause and the best way to think about clauses is as part of a sentence. Relative pronouns are used to join two or more clauses and in doing so, form what are known as relative clauses. Most native speakers tend to omit the relative pronoun in this situation. Start independent relative pronouns how difficult was this activity. In formal english the preposition is placed before the relative pronoun, which must then be put into the form whom. The relative pronouns reflect gender, number, and case.
English grammar exercises online with answers pdf on this page you will find various free grammar worksheets of increasing difficulty that can be completed directly online, or at home. Like any pronoun, relative pronouns are substituted for nouns and other pronouns that functions as subjects or objects in a sentence. Complete the exercise with who, whom, whose or where. Second in importance is the clause and the best way to think about clauses is as part of a. Relative pronouns who, where which whose interactive. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site. Whom relates to people object i know the boy whom sits next to you.
The crow dropped the piece of cheese which the fox snapped up immediately. Relative clauses defining and nondefining test english. Relative pronouns are mostly used when combining sentences in which a word or phrase is repeated. Relative pronouns learning english cambridge english. This activity helps you practise your reading, grammar and the language used for writing a narrative, including the use of the past perfect. The most common relative pronouns are who, whom, whose, which, that. In this example, the pronoun he is referring back to the noun antecedent boy.
In defining relative clauses, the pronouns who, whom, and which are often replaced by that in spoken english. English esl relative pronouns worksheets most downloaded. Note that that can be used in informal english instead of whowhomwhich but it is never used after commas, i. Personal pronouns are pronouns that refer to a specific person or thing in a sen tence and can be divided into two groups. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause. A collection of english esl relative clauses powerpoints for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about. Before you can use french relative pronouns correctly, you first need to understand the grammar behind them. The most common relative pronouns are whowhom, whoeverwhomever, whose, that, and which. Relative clauses practice relative pronouns exercise 1 2 3 who vs which exercise 1 2 3 which or where exercise drag and drop exercises. Relative pronouns that, relative pronouns who, relative pronouns whom, relative pronouns whose, relative pronouns why, relative pronouns where, relative pronouns which, relative pronouns when. Relative pronouns learning english online grammarbank. Dec 30, 2017 fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns. Join with relative pronouns english practice learn and. Put the relative pronoun in brackets if you can leave it out.
We can even omit these pronouns in many cases in english. Theyll help you to put into practice all the key notions of the english grammar previously shown in the grammar lessons part of the website, and if you are a beginner. Relative pronouns who,which,where by silvialefevre the students have to complete sentences with relative pronouns. Relative pronouns used in defining relative clauses. Relative clauses and contact clauses englischtipps. The pronoun, as we all know, is a word used in place of a noun. Defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way as to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. We bought a chainsaw, with which we cut up all the wood. The most important unit of grammatical organization in linguistics is the sentence.
On the choice of relative pronouns in english article pdf available in american speech 702. In this kind of relative clause, we can use that instead of who or which. The students have to complete sentences with relative pronouns. When the place or time is not the subject or object, then you can use the relative pronouns where and when. Without the defining relative clause we do not know which film or man is being spoken about. German relative clauses perform the same function as in english, but there are differences in form.
If the previous sentence makes no sense to you, learn about clauses before working on this lesson. Complete and correct it immediately, then you will be able to check your knowledge with the related lesson. B combine each pair of sentences with a relative clause. We cant drop the relative pronoun in this kind of clause, even if the relative pronoun is the. Who relates to people subject the musician who wrote this song is french. Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns. I bought my first car ten years ago, when i was a salesman. Skills grammar for this grammar activity, read a text about two friends. Lots of people walk in the park where i jog every morning.
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